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History
France: Timeline

France: Timeline

The French Revolution begins with the Storming of the Bastille Click to show or hide the answer
Execution of Louis XVI Click to show or hide the answer
Execution of Marie Antoinette Click to show or hide the answer
Coup of 18 Brumaire: Napoleon Bonaparte overthrows the French Directory, replacing it with the French Consulate Click to show or hide the answer
The Treaty of Amiens establishes peace between France and the UK, following the War of the Second Coalition Click to show or hide the answer
Louisiana Purchase: France sells Louisiana to the USA, renouncing its last territorial possessions on continental North America Click to show or hide the answer
Napoleon is declared Emperor by the Senate, marking the beginning of the First French Empire and the end of the French Consulate Click to show or hide the answer
Napoleon crowns himself Emperor in Notre–Dame de Paris, with Pope Pius VII in attendance to indicate the approval of the Church Click to show or hide the answer
Battle of Austerlitz: Napoleon's victory marks the end of the Third Coalition (Austria, Russia, United Kingdom, Sweden and others) against France and its client states Click to show or hide the answer
Napoleon dissolves the Holy Roman Empire, and creates the Confederation of the Rhine – a union of French client states composed of 16 states in present–day Germany Click to show or hide the answer
Napoleon's victory in the Battle of Friedland marks the end of the Fourth Coalition (mainly Prussia, Russia, Saxony, Sweden, and the United Kingdom) against France and its client states Click to show or hide the answer
Beginning of the Peninsular War, which will last until Napoleon's defeat against the Sixth Coalition in 1814 Click to show or hide the answer
Napoleon's victory in the Battle of Wagram marks the end of the Fifth Coalition (mainly the Austrian Empire and the United Kingdom) against France and its client states Click to show or hide the answer
The Fire of Moscow marks the beginning of the fall of the First French Empire Click to show or hide the answer
Following a partial victory at Dresden in August, the French are routed by the Sixth Coalition (Austria, Russia and Prussia) in the Battle of Leipzig Click to show or hide the answer
The First Bourbon Restoration: Napoleon's Senate calls Louis XVIII to the throne Click to show or hide the answer
Napoleon's escape from Elba begins the Hundred Days and ends the First Restoration Click to show or hide the answer
Battle of Waterloo: Napoleon is defeated by Seventh Coalition armies, definitively ending the First French Empire and the Napoleonic Wars Click to show or hide the answer
Second Bourbon Restoration: with Napoleon exiled in Saint Helena, Louis XVIII returns to the throne, to reign until his death on 16 September 1824 Click to show or hide the answer
Napoleon Bonaparte dies in exile on St. Helena Click to show or hide the answer
Louis XVIII dies and is succeeded by his brother, Charles X Click to show or hide the answer
July Revolution: the conservative House of Bourbon is overthrown and replaced by the more liberal Orleans Monarchy, with Louis–Philippe becoming King of France Click to show or hide the answer
The February Revolution forces Louis–Philippe to abdicate and flee to England Click to show or hide the answer
Louis Naploeon Bonaparte becomes the first President of France, at the head of the Second Republic Click to show or hide the answer
Louis–Napoléon Bonaparte ends the Second Republic and creates the Second French Empire, with him as Emperor Napoleon III Click to show or hide the answer
The Paris Commune is declared Click to show or hide the answer
France's defeat in the Franco–Prussian War leads to the downfall of Napoleon III and the end of the Second Empire. The Third Republic was subsequently declared, and Napoleon III would spend the rest of his life in exile in the UK Click to show or hide the answer
After a week of violent suppression by the French Army, the Commune is dispersed Click to show or hide the answer
Adolphe Thiers becomes the first President of the Third Republic Click to show or hide the answer
The Eiffel Tower (built over the previous 28 months) opens to the public Click to show or hide the answer
The Dreyfus Affair begins Click to show or hide the answer
The signing of the Entente Cordiale marks the end of almost a thousand years of intermittent conflict, and formalises the modus vivendi that had existed since the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815; both sides recognise British control of Egypt and French control of Morocco Click to show or hide the answer
The Anglo–Russian Convention creates the Triple Entente, in opposition to the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria and Italy Click to show or hide the answer
Germany declares war on France Click to show or hide the answer
The signing of the first armistice at Compiègne ends the Great War; France regains control of Alsace–Lorraine Click to show or hide the answer
France declares war on Germany Click to show or hide the answer
Following the defeat of the French and British armies by the Germans in the Battle of France, the signing of the Second Armistice at Compiègne leads to the occupation of the northern half of France by German forces and the governance of the southern part by the collaborationist Vichy Government led by Marshal Philippe Pétain Click to show or hide the answer
The Liberation of Paris ends German occupation of France Click to show or hide the answer
Vincent Auriol becomes the first President of the Fourth French Republic Click to show or hide the answer
The signing of the Treaty of Paris established the European Coal and Steel Community – one of the major forerunners of the European Union Click to show or hide the answer
The 8–year Indochina War ends, under the terms of the Geneva Conference; France leaves Vietnam (which is divided into two countries), beginning the decolonisation of French possessions worldwide Click to show or hide the answer
The signing of the two Treaties of Rome establishes the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC) Click to show or hide the answer
Charles de Gaulle becomes the first President of the Fifth Republic, with greatly increased powers in comparison with those of the Third and Fourth Republics Click to show or hide the answer
Algeria obtains independence from France after almost eight years of official strife Click to show or hide the answer
The ECSC, the EEC and the EAEC are merged into a single institution known as the European Community Click to show or hide the answer
A series of protests, occupations and strikes against capitalism, consumerism and traditional institutions, values and order take place throughout France Click to show or hide the answer
De Gaulle resigned the presidency, following the rejection of his proposed reform of the Senate and local governments in a nationwide referendum Click to show or hide the answer
Georges Pompidou is elected to succeed de Gaulle as the second President of the Fifth Republic Click to show or hide the answer
Death of Charles de Gaulle Click to show or hide the answer
The Single European Act results in a major revision of the Treaty of Rome, to establish a common market by the end of 1992 Click to show or hide the answer
The signing of the Maastricht Treaty creates what is now known as the European Union Click to show or hide the answer
Introduction of the euro Click to show or hide the answer
A new law banning "conspicuous" religious symbols in schools is widely seen as targeting the Islamic headscarf Click to show or hide the answer
A new law banning the covering of the face in public spaces, seen as targeting the burqa and the niqab – which President Sarkozy declared "not welcome" in France – is passed by the Senate Click to show or hide the answer
France leads the NATO intervention in Libya to overthrow Muammar Gaddafi Click to show or hide the answer
France becomes the thirteenth country to legalise same–sex marriages Click to show or hide the answer
17 people, including twelve contributors to the satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo and three police officers, lose their lives in two terrorist attacks by Muslim terrorists Click to show or hide the answer
Over 120 lives are lost in a series of ISIS attacks on multiple targets in Paris including a soccer stadium, a rock concert, and several restaurants Click to show or hide the answer
86 people lose their lives, and 458 others are injured, when a cargo truck is deliberately driven into crowds of people celebrating Bastille Day on the Promenade des Anglais in Nice Click to show or hide the answer

© Haydn Thompson 2019