Flags

See also National Flags, and (for pictures of the national flags) this menu.

Stars (red with white borders) on the New Zealand flag		4
Stars on the Chinese national flag; rings on the Olympic flag		5
Stars (white) on the Australian national flag		6
Golden stars on the European Union flag (fixed in 1955 – not related to the number of EU member states)		12
Stripes on the US flag (each representing one of the original states)		13
Stars on the US flag (each representing one of the current states)		50
Rows of stars on the US flag		9

Note: according to Wikipedia, the terms Union Jack and Union Flag are equally acceptable in any context.

Union Jack became the official flag of Great Britain		1606
Current design introduced (following union with Ireland in the previous year)		1801
Red on white, vertical		St. George
White on blue, diagonal		St. Andrew
Red on white, diagonal		St. Patrick
Flying the Union Jack upside down		Distress signal

Flag with arms of the British monarch, flown when he or she is present		Royal standard
First and third quarters	(Representing England)	Three lions passant
Second quarter	(Representing Scotland)	Lion rampant
Fourth quarter	(Representing Ireland)	Harp
The Red Ensign is the flag of the		Merchant Navy
The White Ensign is the flag of the		Royal Navy
May be used on vessels by certain authorised yacht clubs, Royal Research Ships and British merchant vessels whose master holds a commission in the Royal Naval Reserve or has otherwise been issued a warrant		Blue Ensign

Which US state's flag ...

Shows a grizzly bear (the state animal / mammal), and is officially known as the Bear Flag			California
Features the Union Jack in a canton			Hawaii
Depicts a brown pelican (the state bird) with three of its young			Louisiana
A bison (the state mammal)			Wyoming

Click on the thumbnails for a larger image. Warning: the larger image may give away the answer!

St. Piran's flag (a white cross on a black background) is the flag of (English county)			Cornwall
British overseas territory: flag has a Union Jack in a canton, and the coat of arms with a ram, a sailing ship and the motto "Desire the Right", on a royal blue field			Falkland Islands

Flown by a ship that's about to leave port (calling all of its company to report on board)			Blue Peter
Thin worsted stuff (sic) traditionally used to make flags			Bunting
Small, swallow–tailed nautical flag			Burgee
Upper left quadrant with a different design (e.g. Red or White Ensign)			Canton
Yellow flag			Contagious disease
Edge furthest from the flagpost			Fly edge
The rope used to hoist a flag (same as a sail on a boat or ship)			Halyard
Edge nearest the flagpost			Hoist edge
A flag flown from a short pole (or staff) at the bow of a ship or boat			Jack
Flag is officially described as "a dark blue field charged with a white compass rose emblem from which radiate four white lines" (organisation founded in 1949)			NATO
Colours of the United Nations flag			Pale blue and white