On This Day: 14 June

Munich is founded, on the banks of the river Isar, by Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony and Duke of Bavaria			1158
Henry, son of Henry II, is crowned King of England – even though his father is still alive (see also 11 June 1183)			1170
In the First Barons' War, Prince Louis of France captures Winchester and soon conquers over half of the Kingdom of England			1216
Rebels of the Peasants' Revolt enter the Tower of London and behead the Archbishop of Canterbury			1381
Owain Glyndŵr, self–proclaimed Prince of Wales, allies himself with the French against King Henry IV			1404
Battle of Naseby: twelve thousand Royalists defeated by fifteen thousand of Cromwell's New Model Army			1645
Battle of the Dunes (Dunkirk) – England and France beat off the Spanish			1658
The Raid on the Medway, by the Dutch fleet in the Second Anglo–Dutch War, ends after five days – resulting in the worst ever defeat of the Royal Navy			1667
William III lands at Carrickfergus, Ireland, to confront the former King James II			1690
Dr. Johnson's Dictionary goes on sale			1775
The Continental Congress establishes the Continental Army, marking the birth of the US Army			1775
The Continental Congress adopts the Stars and Stripes as the flag of the United States			1777
Captain William Bligh, and 18 men who had remained loyal to him – set adrift from HMS Bounty on 28 April – land in Timor, 3,500 miles away			1789
Battle of Marengo: Napoleon reconquers Italy by defeating the Austrians			1800
Battle of Friedland: France defeats Russia			1807
Treaty of London unites Belgium and the Netherlands			1814
Charles Babbage proposes a difference engine in a paper to the Royal Astronomical Society			1822
The village of Henley–on–Thames, on the River Thames in Oxfordshire, stages its first regatta			1839
Florence Nightingale opens the world's first nursing school, at St. Thomas's Hospital, London			1860
The world's first motor race (Paris)			1895
The Hawaiian Islands become a territory of the USA			1900
German planes bomb London for the first time			1917
John Alcock and Arthur Whitten Brown leave St. John's, Newfoundland in the Daily Mail Trans–Atlantic Air Race; they land next day			1919
Brazil leaves the League of Nations			1926
The Black Bottom dance is introduced at the Apollo Theatre, New York, in George White's Scandals			1926
The German army enters and occupies Paris, forcing French and allied troops to retreat			1940
Seven hundred and twenty–eight Polish political prisoners from Tarnów become the first inmates of the Auschwitz concentration camp			1940
The first major wave of Soviet mass deportations and murder of Estonians, Latvians and Lithuanians, begins			1941
After several failed attempts, the British Army abandons its attempt to capture the German–occupied town of Caen			1944
Albert II, a rhesus monkey, rides a V–2 rocket to an altitude of 134 km (83 mi) – becoming the first animal (other than fruit flies) in space			1949
The state of Vietnam is set up (with strong Communist opposition)			1949
UNIVAC I – the first commercial computer produced in the USA – is dedicated by the US Census Bureau			1951
The world's first nuclear–powered submarine – USS Nautilus – is launched			1952
Gentlemen Prefer Blondes – featuring Marilyn Monroe in her first starring role – is released			1953
The withdrawal of French troops from Morocco is announced			1958
Disneyland Monorail System opens to the public in Anaheim, California			1959
Dominican exiles leave Cuba and land in the Dominican Republic, with the aim of overthrowing the totalitarian government of Rafael Trujillo. All but four are killed or executed			1959
The Ministry of Transport announces that a new type of road crossing, with push button controls for pedestrian use – known as the 'panda' crossing – is to be introduced next year			1961
The European Space Research Organisation (later known as the European Space Agency) is established in Paris			1962
Two MBEs are returned to Buckingham Palace in protest at the Beatles' award			1965
The Vatican abolishes its list of prohibited books, originally instituted in 1557			1966
NASA launches Mariner 5 on a mission to Venus, which it would fly by at an altitude of 2,480 miles on 19 October			1967
West Germany come back from 2–0 down to beat England 3–2 in the FIFA World Cup quarter–final			1970
Hundreds of thousands of holidaymakers face flight delays and cancellations after the International Federation of Air Line Pilots Associations (IFALPA) calls a 24–hour stoppage and accuses governments of failing to take action to halt air piracy			1972
Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher announces that following a ceasefire in the Falkland Islands, General Mario Menendez, commander of the Argentinian forces, and British second–in–command Brigadier John Waters, are conducting negotiations for an Argentinian surrender			1982
Anti–Pinochet demonstrations in Santiago			1983
Boy George waxwork unveiled in Madame Tussauds's			1984
Ronald Reagan receives an honorary knighthood			1989
More than a thousand Kurds besiege a US military base near the city of Dohuk, in northern Iraq, pleading with American troops not to withdraw (leaving the Kurds in the hands of a lightly armed UN protection force which they fear will offer inadequate protection)			1991
An asteroid, estimated to be about 73 metres across, misses the Earth by 121,000 km (75,000 miles) – about one third of the distance between the Earth and the Moon			2002
All 49 people on board lose their lives when a Ukrainian military Ilyushin Il–76 airlifter is shot down while on approach to land at Luhansk, near the Russian border			2014
Grenfell Tower, a high–rise block of flats in North Kensington, London, catches fire; 72 lives are lost, over 70 more are injured, and 223 escape			2017

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On This Day: 14 June