Chemicals: Common Names
Drugs
This section looks at the different (chemical and common) names of drugs, from various perspectives.
Acetyl salicylic acid |
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Aspirin |
Stimulant alkaloid, C8H10N
4O2, found in tea and coffee |
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Caffeine (theine) |
Methamphetamine (a stimulant to the central nervous system, discovered in 1893) |
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Crystal meth |
A type of benzodiazepine, used for its calming effect;
was originally (and still is) marketed as valium
|
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Diazepam |
Methylene–dioxy–meth–amphetamine (MDMA)
|
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Ecstasy |
Diamorphine hydrochloride or diacetyl morphine (diamorphine) |
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Heroin |
Common name for a drug formed by mixing alcohol with chloral hydrate |
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Mickey Finn |
Fluoxetine hydrochloride |
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Prozac |
Drinamyl (triangular blue pills, popular with Mods in the 1960s) |
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Purple hearts |
Flunitrapezam |
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Rohypnol |
Restoril and Normison are brand names for (a benzodiazepine, used for treating insomnia)
|
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Temazepam |
Diazepam was originally (and still is) marketed as |
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Valium |
Sildenafil is the generic name for a drug that is marketed as |
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Viagra |
Other
This section gives the chemical name of a chemical and asks for the common name.
Ethylene glycol |
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Antifreeze |
Sodium bicarbonate |
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Baking soda |
Sodium hydrogen carbonate |
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Bicarbonate of soda |
Sodium tetraborate (used in various household laundry and cleaning products) |
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Borax |
Silicon carbide (trade name) |
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Carborundum |
Tri–chloro–methane |
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Chloroform |
2–chloro benzano malono nitrile – discovered in 1928 by (and named after ) Ben Corson and
Roger Stoughton at Middlebury College, Vermont; developed and tested at Porton Down; used as a riot control agent |
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CS gas |
Di–chloro–di–phenyl–tri–chloro–ethane (hyphens included here
for clarity only) |
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DDT |
Deoxy–ribo–nucleic acid (hyphens included here for clarity only) |
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DNA |
(Hydrated) magnesium sulphate – used medicinally as a purgative |
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Epsom salts |
Because the ammonia that they contain was historically distilled from shavings from deer horns and hooves,
smelling salts are sometimes known as spirit of |
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Hartshorn |
Deuterium oxide |
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Heavy water |
Short name (from a former chemical name) commonly used by photographers for sodium thiosulphate (pentahydrate),
used as fixer |
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Hypo |
Hydrated calcium sulphate – sets hard when mixed with water and dried |
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Plaster of Paris |
Iron hexa–cyano–ferrate – one of the first synthetic pigments (a deep blue colour) |
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Prussian Blue |
Calcium oxide |
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Quicklime (lime, burnt lime) |
Solution of ammonium carbonate, used as smelling salts |
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Sal volatile |
Silicon dioxide (the most common mineral) |
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Silica |
Oil of vitriol (archaic name) |
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Sulphuric acid |
Hydrated magnesium silicate |
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Talc |
Tri–chloro–phenyl–methyl–iodo–salicyl (trichlorophenol) |
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TCP |
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resin |
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Teflon |
Ascorbic (ass–ORB–ic) acid |
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Vitamin C |
Sodium carbonate (crystalline decahydrate of) – when used as a water softener |
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Washing soda |
Oxide (zirconium dioxide – ZrO2), used as a diamond substitute |
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Zirconia |
© Haydn Thompson 2017–23