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Laws

Science: Laws

Gas Laws

I learnt all of these at school, but I've always struggled to remember which is which.

Equal volumes of different gases, at the same temperature and pressure, contain the same number of molecules Click to show or hide the answer
For a given mass of gas at constant temperature, the pressure is inversely proportional to the volume Click to show or hide the answer
For a given mass of gas at constant pressure, the temperature is directly proportional to the volume Click to show or hide the answer
For a given mass of gas at constant volume, the pressure is directly proportional to the temperature Click to show or hide the answer
First stated in 1834 by the French engineer and physicist Benoît Paul Émile Clapeyron (one of the founders of thermodynamics) as a combination of the above four lawsClick for more information Click to show or hide the answer
Also published the Law of Combining Volumes: that when gases react together, they do so in volumes that bear a simple whole number ratio to each other and to the volumes of any gaseous products formed (provided that the temperature and pressure remain constant) Click to show or hide the answer

Newton's Laws of Motion

First Click to show or hide the answer
Second Click to show or hide the answer
Third Click to show or hide the answer

Thermodynamics

First Click to show or hide the answer
Second Click to show or hide the answer
Third Click to show or hide the answer
Zeroth Click to show or hide the answer

Other

Q: Which law (or whose law) states that ... ? A:
The energy equivalence (E) of a given mass (m) is that mass times the square of the speed of light in a vacuum (c). In other words: E = mc2 (proposed by Albert Einstein in 1905) Click to show or hide the answer
When a body is wholly or partially immersed in fluid, it is acted upon by a buoyant force (or upthrust) equal to the weight of the displaced fluid Click to show or hide the answer
A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm Click to show or hide the answer
For a fluid in motion, an increase in speed occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or potential energy Click to show or hide the answer
If your back is to the wind, low pressure is on your right (in the Northern Hemisphere) Click to show or hide the answer
The pressure exerted by a mixture of gases in a fixed volume is equal to the sum of the pressures exerted by each gas if it occupied that volume alone Click to show or hide the answer
There are no positive integers x, y, and z such that xn + yn = zn in which n is a natural number greater than 2 Click for more information Click to show or hide the answer
The rate of effusion (flow through a hole) in a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of the mass of its particles Click to show or hide the answer
For an elastic material, strain is proportional to applied stress (or, extension is proportional to the force applied) Click to show or hide the answer
The power of heating generated by an electrical conductor is proportional to the product of its resistance and the square of the current Click to show or hide the answer
The planets orbit the sun in elliptical orbits with the sun at one focus Click to show or hide the answer
The line connecting a planet to the sun sweeps out equal areas in equal amounts of time Click to show or hide the answer
The time required for a planet to orbit the sun, called its period, is proportional to the long axis of the ellipse raised to the power of 3/2. The constant of proportionality is the same for all the planets Click to show or hide the answer
A system in chemical equilibrium, if subjected to a disturbance, tends to change in a way that opposes the disturbance Click to show or hide the answer
The direction of current induced in a circuit by a change in magnetic field is such that the magnetic field produced by this current will oppose the original field Click to show or hide the answer
Cod law with no scientific basis, stating that in any given system, if anything can possibly go wrong, it will. For example, if you drop a piece of toast, it will always land buttered side down (except when you drop it deliberately to prove the law). Can be seen as an ironic, unscientific version of the second law of thermodynamics Click for more information Click to show or hide the answer
Of two equivalent theories or explanations, all other things being equal, the simpler one is to be preferred Click to show or hide the answer
The current between two points (through a conductor) is directly proportional to the potential difference across them (I = V/R) Click to show or hide the answer
Work expands so as to fill the time available for its completion Click to show or hide the answer
In a right angled triangle, the square on the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares on the other two sides Click to show or hide the answer

© Haydn Thompson 2017–23